ISO 19156:2023 Observations, measurements, and samples. 

The updated Observations, measurements, and samples standard (ISO 19156:2023) defines a conceptual schema for observations, for features involved in the observation process, and for features involved in sampling when making observations. 
Data models support exchange of information describing observation acts and their results, both within and between different scientific and technical communities. The standard has been prepared jointly with the Open Geospatial Consortium.

Observations commonly involve sampling of an ultimate feature-of-interest. This document defines a common set of sample types according to their spatial, material (for ex situ observations) or statistical nature. The schema includes relationships between sample features (sub-sampling, derived samples).

This revision adds concepts that were deemed missing in the previous version, provides additional clarification to the provided concepts and their relationships while keeping the core data model mostly intact. In addition, a new fine-grained requirements class structure has been created, enabling implementations to unambiguously declare the parts of the standard they conform to.

The standard contributes to the FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable) principles for various kinds of measurable information including environmental monitoring as well as remote and in-situ sensing by providing a common conceptual framework for discovering, collecting and analysing related information from various sources and data providers.